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12 Step VS. SMART Recovery - Written by
Joe Milon
One of the main differences between AA and SMART has to do with what is
called locus of control. AA uses an external locus of control. One looks
outside him/herself for strength or guidance. AA's higher power or just
depending on the group are examples of an external locus of control.
SMART uses what is called an internal locus of control. One looks inside
him/herself for strength or self-control to help.
Either method works well depending on the type of person you are. If one
thinks most of their problems are a result of other people, places or
things, then that type of person is likely to do better with an external
locus of control.
If one realizes that he or she would do best to take responsibility for
their own feelings, that is, they know that they create their feelings,
they are likely to do better with an internal locus of control.
It helps to realize that since people are different, one may do well with
an internal locus of control, external locus of control of a a combination
of both.
I found the following on a web page:
Locus of control is a personality construct referring to an individual's
perception of the locus of events as determined internally by his/her own
behavior vs. fate, luck, or external circumstances.
Some research (McCombs, 1991) suggests that what underlies the internal
locus of control is the concept of 'self as agent.' This means that our
thoughts control our actions and that when we realize this executive
function of thinking we can positively affect our beliefs, motivation, and
academic performance. 'The self as agent can consciously or unconsciously
direct, select, and regulate the use of all knowledge structures and
intellectual processes in support of personal goals, intentions, and
choices' (p. 6). McCombs asserts that 'the degree to which one chooses to
be self-determining is a function of one's realization of the source of
agency and personal control' (p. 7). In other words, we can say to
ourselves, 'I choose to direct my thoughts and energies toward
accomplishment. I choose not to be daunted by my anxieties or feelings of
inadequacy.'
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